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如何有效完成英语句型转换

作者

张美霞

河北省康保县镇中

英语当中句型转换题是英语测试中常见的题型。它涉及的知识面广,综合运用能力强,无论对时态、语态、固定句型、短语都起到了很好的训练效果,但学生在这方面也往往容易失分。那么 , 在学习中 , 如何有效完成句型转换呢?

一、变为一般疑问句

根据不同的动词可为两类。

( 一 )、如果句中含有系动词 (am、is、are、was,were)、情态动词 (can、 could、 may,might 、must ) 或 (would、willshall)、助动词 (have、has) 要把 这些动词提前, 并且首字母大写, 句末加”?”。如 :

1、Lucy is from the USA.  Is Lucy from the USA?

2、We are good friends. Are you good friends?( 在一般疑问句当中 遇到 we、I 要变为 you)。

3.They were short last year.  Were they short last year?

4.1 would like to cat dumplings  Would you like to eat dumplings?

5.We shall go swimming this afternoon.Shall we go swimming this afternoon?

6、I have been to Beijing?  Have you been to Beijing?

( 二 ) 如果句型中动词是实义动词作谓语,则要根据时态选择相应 的助动词 (do does did), 用相应的助动词开头 , 原句中的谓语动词恢复原 形。如:

1.I eat an apple every day. Do you eat an apple every day?

2、He often plants some trees on the hill- + Does he often plant any trees on the hill?( 在一般疑问句中 some 一般要变为 any)

3.They had noodles and eggs this morning. $$ Did they have noodles and this eggsmoming?

二、变为否定句

肯定句变为否定句,一般可分为以下几种

( 一 ) 简单句变为否定句。简单句中有系动词 (am,is、are 、was ,were) 情态动词 (can could may might must) 或 (would willshall) 助动词 (have has ) 变否定句时在这些动词后加 not。如 :

1、Lucy is not from the USA.

2、We are not good friends.

3、They were not short last year.

4、I would not like to eat dumplings,

5.We shall not go swimming this after- noon.

6.I have not been to Beijing.

( 二 ) 简单句中的谓语动词为实义动词时要根据时态选用“do”的 相应形式加“not”, 原谓语动词恢复原形。如:

1、I don’t eat an apple every day.

2、He doesn’t often plant any trees on the hill.( 变否定句时 some 要 变为 any)

3、They didn’t have noodles or eggs this morning.( 变否定句时 and 要 变为 or)

( 三) 使句变为否定句, 通常在句首加Don’t. 如;

1、Listen to music in class Don ’t lis- ten to music in class.

2、Please come in $$ Don’t come in please.

( 四 ) 主从复合句中 , 主句是 I think, I believe, I suppose, I expect, 等结构时, 变否定句时,要把主句变为否定句, 但注意否定意思在从句中。如 :

I think he is right. I don’t think he is right.

( 五 ) 在 句 中 有 both…..and.....,all 等 词 出 现 时, 变 为 否 定 句 应 为neither nor,none, 如 :

1、Both Lucy and Tom are watching TV now. $$ Neither Lucy nor Tom iswatching TV now.

2、All of us visited the Great Wall. $$ None of us visited the Great Wall.

三、划线部分提问

通 常 时 间 点 用 when 、what time, 地 点 用 where, 人 用 who, 物 用what,for+ 段时间用 how longin+ 段时间用 how soon, 身体如何用 how, 年龄用 how old, 频率用 how often, 哪一个或哪些用 which, 具体解法如下 :

1、看清所问 , 确定特殊疑问句。

2、把划线部分所需的特殊疑问词放到句首。

3、把原句( 划线部分除掉), 变为一般疑问句, 放在特殊疑问词之后, 注意大小写, 标点符号。例:

1、This is a book?  What is this?

2、Meimei is a good student.  Who is a good student?

3、I’m twelve.  How old are you?

4、The girl in a red cat is my sister.  Which girl is your sister?

5、Lucy will get home in five days  How soon will Lucy get home?

6、I get up at six every day.  What time/when do you get up every day?

四、改复合句。复合句主要指宾语从句、定语从句。从句变换重点要注意时态,语序,通常从句依据主句时态而变化 , 从句的语序一律用陈述语序。如:

1.He said, “I am from the mountain.” → He said he was from the mountain.

2、The teacher asked, “Are you inter- ested in English”

→The teacher asked me if I was in- terested in English.

3、The girl is my classmate,Her father works in hospital.

→The girl whose father works in hos- pital is my classmate.

五、同义句改写。主要考查学生对同义短语或句义相同的掌握状况。

如 :

1、I had fun at the party last Sunday. l enjoyed myself at the party last Sunday.

2、Could you please tell me how I get to the museum?  Could you please tell me how to get to the museum?

3.The box is too heavy for me to carry. The bax is so heavy that I can’t carry it.

以上是完成英语句型转换题常见的几种方法 , 希望能给读者以借 鉴。